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Buying Land

New FSA Loan Rules: What Landowners and Farmers Need to Know

August 8, 2025

In the world of agricultural policy, staying informed about regulatory changes is essential for landowners, operators, and prospective farmers. One current policy development garnering attention is a significant shift in how Farm Service Agency (FSA) loans are reviewed, particularly those exceeding $400,000.

This change was recently discussed on the National Land Podcast in an episode featuring Chris Clayton, Ag Policy Editor at Progressive Farmer,  along with the implications for farmers, lenders, and land buyers. 

Here’s what to know about changes to FSA loan rules!

What Changed in FSA Loan Reviews?

In early May 2025, it was announced that all FSA loans above $500,000, particularly those involving business entities such as LLCs, would now require an additional level of review. These loans must be approved not only by the Secretary of Agriculture but also undergo scrutiny by the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE).

This requirement introduces an additional bureaucratic layer to a system that was traditionally managed within the USDA’s own loan processing framework. While the USDA has confirmed the policy shift, it hasn’t provided landowners with much in the way of reasoning, process, and long-term impact, leaving many in agriculture with more questions than answers.

Why This Matters for Farmers and Landowners

This new policy could impact a substantial share of farm lending, as many modern farms, even smaller operations, are organized as LLCs for liability and tax reasons. Clayton estimates that more than a third of USDA farm loans may now fall under this heightened review process.

For farmers trying to secure capital for land purchases, equipment, or expansion, especially beginning farmers who rely heavily on FSA loans, this change could lead to significant delays and increased uncertainty. The lack of clarity around what DOGE is evaluating adds an additional layer of concern, particularly when FSA loans have historically shown low default rates.

What Farmers Can Do Right Now

Given the uncertainty, farmers should plan for longer loan processing times and be proactive in communicating with their local FSA offices to understand how the policy is being applied regionally. 

It’s also wise to explore alternative financing options, including private ag lenders, in case government delays threaten deal timelines. Finally, staying engaged with advocacy groups and elected officials can help apply pressure for more transparency and accountability around these changes.

For now, farmers, landowners, and land brokers should monitor developments closely, prepare for potential delays, and continue advocating for greater transparency in federal farm loan programs. If you’ve got questions about FSA loan rules and ag loans in your area, get in touch with your local Land Professional today! 

About the Author
Bryce Berglund is National Land Realty’s Content Marketing Specialist. Raised in the south-central town of New Prague, MN, Bryce attended the University of Minnesota Twin Cities where he studied English and Literature before joining National Land Realty in 2021. He currently resides in St. Paul, Minnesota, and is involved in Minnesota's local music scene, frequently attending concerts around the Twin Cities in his free time.

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